How to Install Nginx using Ansible Playbook

Nginx is a popular open-source web server known for its high performance, reliability, and scalability. Ansible, on the other hand, is a powerful automation tool that enables you to configure and manage infrastructure as code. In this tutorial, we'll guide you through the process of installing Nginx using an Ansible playbook.

Prerequisites

Before we dive into the installation process, you'll need to ensure the following requirements are met:

• A remote host running a supported Linux distribution (such as Ubuntu or CentOS)
• SSH passwordless access to the remote host
• Ansible installed on your local machine

Steps:

Create Ansible Inventory

We'll create an inventory.cfg file that lists all the hosts we would like to manage.

[web]
34.100.185.153 ansible_user=ubuntu

The above inventory file defines a single host under the "web" group. The host's IP address is 34.100.185.153, and Ansible will use the "ubuntu" user to connect to it.

This inventory file can be used by Ansible to run commands or playbooks on the specified host(s).

Run the below command to ping all the hosts.

ansible -i inventory.cfg -m ping all

Output:

Create Ansible playbook

We'll create Ansible playbook name install_nginx.yaml to install Nginx server on all hosts mentioned in inventory.cfg under web group.

---
- hosts: web
  tasks:
    - name: install nginx
      apt: name=nginx state=latest
    - name: start nginx
      service:
          name: nginx
          state: started

The first line, "---", is a YAML syntax marker indicating the start of a YAML file.

The "hosts" line specifies the group of hosts that the playbook will run against, in this case the "web" group.

The "tasks" section lists the individual tasks that will be executed on each host in the group. In this case, there are two tasks.

The first task, "install nginx", uses the "apt" module to install the Nginx web server. The "name" parameter specifies the name of the package to install (in this case, "nginx"), and the "state" parameter specifies that Ansible should ensure the package is installed and up to date.

The second task, "start nginx", uses the "service" module to start the Nginx service. The "name" parameter specifies the name of the service (in this case, "nginx"), and the "state" parameter specifies that Ansible should ensure the service is running.

Overall, this playbook will ensure that the Nginx web server is installed and running on all hosts in the "web" group.

Run Ansible playbook

We have prepared our inventory.cfg and playbook install_nginx.yaml.

Execute the below Ansible command to run the playbook.

ansible-playbook -i inventory.cfg nginx_install.yml -b

• ansible-playbook is the Ansible command used to run a playbook.
• -i inventory.cfg specifies the inventory file to use. In this case, the inventory file is inventory.cfg.
• nginx_install.yml is the name of the playbook file to run. In this case, the playbook file is nginx_install.yml.
• -b is a short form of the --become option, which tells Ansible to run the playbook with elevated privileges (i.e., as a superuser). This option is typically required for tasks that require elevated permissions, such as installing packages or modifying system configuration files.

So, putting it all together, the command will run the nginx_install.yml playbook against the hosts listed in the inventory.cfg file, with elevated privileges.

Output:

Now we have successfully installed the Nginx server using the Ansible playbook.

Uninstall Nginx using Ansible Playbook

We have learned to install Nginx using Ansible playbook now we'll see how we can uninstall the Nginx using the Ansible playbook.

We'll use our existing inventory.cfg file and to uninstall we'll create a new yaml file name uninstall_nginx.yaml.

---
- hosts: web
  tasks:
    - name: stop nginx
      service:
          name: nginx
          state: stopped
    - name: uninstall nginx
      apt: name=nginx state=absent

• The --- at the beginning of the playbook is a YAML syntax marker indicating the start of a YAML file.
• hosts: web specifies that the playbook should apply to all hosts under web in the inventory.
• The tasks section lists the individual tasks to execute on each host.
• The first task, stop nginx, uses the service module to stop the Nginx service. The name parameter specifies the name of the service to stop (in this case, "nginx"), and the state parameter specifies that Ansible should ensure the service is stopped.
• The second task, uninstall nginx, uses the apt module to uninstall the Nginx package. The name parameter specifies the name of the package to uninstall (in this case, "nginx"), and the state parameter specifies that Ansible should ensure the package is uninstalled.

Overall, this playbook will stop the Nginx service on all hosts and uninstall the Nginx package from each host.

Run the below command to uninstall the nginx

ansible-playbook -i inventory.cfg uninstall_nginx.yaml -b

Output:

Conclusion

Installing Nginx using Ansible is a straightforward and efficient way to manage web servers at scale. Ansible makes it easy to automate the process of installing and configuring Nginx on multiple hosts, ensuring consistency and reliability across your infrastructure. We can also use ansible to configure Nginx by simply copying the Nginx conf file and reloading the nginx to use the new conf. we'll cover the configuration part in next blog.